% Encoding: UTF-8

@COMMENT { BibTex package created by Trove, National Library of Australia http://trove.nla.gov.au }

@article{imajo2024,
author = {Imajo, S. and Miyoshi, Y. and Kazama, Y. and Asamura, K. and Shinohara, I. and Shiokawa, K. and Kasahara, Y. and Kasaba, Y. and Matsuoka, A. and Wang, S.-Y. and Tam, S. W. Y. and Chang, T.-F. and Wang, B.-J. and Jun, C.-W. and Teramoto, M. and Kurita, S. and Tsuchiya, F. and Kumamoto, A. and Saito, K. and Hori, T.},
title = {Precipitation of Auroral Electrons Accelerated at Very High Altitudes: Impact on the Ionosphere and a Possible Acceleration Mechanism},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {129},
number = {9},
keywords = {auroral acceleration region, high-altitude observation, electron precipitation, loss cone},
doi = {10.1029/2024JA032696},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2024JA032696},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2024JA032696},
ignore_note = {e2024JA032696 2024JA032696},
year = {2024}
}


@article{marghitu2006,
title = {The anisotropy of precipitating auroral electrons: {A FAST} case study},
journal = {Advances in Space Research},
volume = {38},
number = {8},
pages = {1694--1701},
year = {2006},
note = {Magnetospheric dynamics and the international living with a star program},
issn = {0273--1177},
doi = {10.1016/j.asr.2006.03.028},
ignore_url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117706001529},
author = {O. Marghitu and B. Klecker and J. P. McFadden},
keywords = {Magnetosphere–ionosphere interaction, Auroral acceleration region, Particle precipitation, Bi-Maxwellian distribution, Electron anisotropy},
}

@article{madelaire2023,
author = {Madelaire, Michael and Laundal, Karl and Gjerloev, Jesper and Hatch, Spencer and Reistad, Jone and Vanhamäki, Heikki and Waters, Colin and Ohma, Anders and Mesquita, Rafael and Merkin, Viacheslav},
title = {Spatial Resolution in Inverse Problems: The {EZIE} Satellite Mission},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {128},
number = {5},
pages = {e2023JA031394},
keywords = {EZIE, spatial resolution, SECS, inverse problem, equivalent current},
doi = {10.1029/2023JA031394},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2023JA031394},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2023JA031394},
ignore_note = {e2023JA031394 2023JA031394},
year = {2023}
}

@article{Laundal2017,
author = {Laundal, K. M. and Richmond, A. D.},
title = {Magnetic Coordinate Systems},
journal = {Space Science Reviews},
year = {2017},
month = {3},
day = {1},
volume = {206},
number = {1},
pages = {27--59},
issn = {1572--9672},
doi = {10.1007/s11214-016-0275-y},
ignore_url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-016-0275-y}
}

@article{nykyri2025,
author = {Nykyri, Katariina and Blanco-Cano, Xochitl and Knudsen, David and Sibeck, David Gary and Borovsky, Joseph E.}, 
title = {Editorial: Past, present and future of multispacecraft measurements for space physics},
journal = {Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences},
volume = {December 2025},
year = {2025},
ignore_url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/astronomy-and-space-sciences/articles/10.3389/fspas.2025.1579994},
doi = {10.3389/fspas.2025.1579994},
issn = {2296--987X},
}

@article{farley1959,
author = {Farley Jr., D. T.},
title = {A theory of electrostatic fields in a horizontally stratified ionosphere subject to a vertical magnetic field},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research (1896--1977)},
volume = {64},
number = {9},
pages = {1225--1233},
doi = {10.1029/JZ064i009p01225},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/JZ064i009p01225},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/JZ064i009p01225},
year = {1959}
}

@article{evans1968,
author = {Evans, David S.},
title = {The observations of a near monoenergetic flux of auroral electrons},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research (1896--1977)},
volume = {73},
number = {7},
pages = {2315--2323},
doi = {10.1029/JA073i007p02315},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/JA073i007p02315},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/JA073i007p02315},
year = {1968}
}

@article{amm2011,
author = {Amm, O. and Fujii, R. and Kauristie, K. and Aikio, A. and Yoshikawa, A. and Ieda, A. and Vanhamäki, H.},
title = {A statistical investigation of the {C}owling channel efficiency in the auroral zone},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {116},
number = {A2},
pages = {},
keywords = {ionosphere, currents, Cowling efficiency},
doi = {10.1029/2010JA015988},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2010JA015988},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2010JA015988},
year = {2011}
}


@article{swarmfacdata,
author = {Ritter, Patricia
and L{\"u}hr, Hermann
and Rauberg, Jan},
title = {Determining field-aligned currents with the Swarm constellation mission},
journal = {Earth, Planets and Space},
year = {2013},
month = {Nov},
day = {01},
volume = {65},
number = {11},
pages = {1285--1294},
issn = {1880--5981},
doi = {10.5047/eps.2013.09.006},
ignore_url = {https://doi.org/10.5047/eps.2013.09.006}
}

@article{rees1974,
author = {Rees, M. H. and Luckey, D.},
title = {Auroral electron energy derived from ratio of spectroscopic emissions 1. Model computations},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
volume = {79},
number = {34},
pages = {5181--5186},
doi = {10.1029/JA079i034p05181},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/JA079i034p05181},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/JA079i034p05181},
year = {1974}
}


@article{superdarn1,
author = {Greenwald, R. A. and Baker, K. B. and Dudeney, J. R. and Pinnock, M. and Jones, T. B. and Thomas, E. C. and Villain, J.-P. and Cerisier, J.-C. and Senior, C. and Hanuise, C. and Hunsucker, R. D. and Sofko, G. and Koehler, J. and Nielsen, E. and Pellinen, R. and Walker, A. D. M. and Sato, N. and Yamagishi, H.},
title = {{DARN}/{S}uper{DARN}},
journal = {Space Science Reviews},
year = {1995},
month = {Feb},
day = {01},
volume = {71},
number = {1},
pages = {761--796},
issn = {1572--9672},
doi = {10.1007/BF00751350},
ignore_url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00751350}
}

@article{vanirsel2024,
author = {van Irsel, J. and Lynch, K. A. and Mule, A. and Zettergren, M. D.},
title = {Generation of Top-Boundary Conditions for 3{D} Ionospheric Models Constrained by Auroral Imagery and Plasma Flow Data},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {129},
number = {8},
pages = {e2024JA032722},
keywords = {ionosphere, aurora, data assimilation, boundary conditions, current closure},
doi = {10.1029/2024JA032722},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2024JA032722},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2024JA032722},
ignore_note = {e2024JA032722 2024JA032722},
year = {2024}
}

@article{medicus1961,
author = {Medicus, G.},
title = {Theory of Electron Collection of Spherical Probes},
journal = {Journal of Applied Physics},
volume = {32},
number = {12},
pages = {2512--2520},
year = {1961},
month = {12},
issn = {0021--8979},
doi = {10.1063/1.1728342},
ignore_url = {https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1728342}
}

@article{strickland1989,
author = {D. J. Strickland and R. R. Meier and J. H. Hecht and A. B. Christensen},
title = {Deducing composition and incident electron spectra from ground-based auroral optical measurements: {T}heory and model results},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {94},
number = {A10},
pages = {13527--13539},
doi = {10.1029/JA094iA10p13527},
ingore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/JA094iA10p13527},
year = {1989}
}

@phdthesis{kaeppler2013,
title = {A rocket-borne investigation of auroral electrodynamics within the auroral-ionosphere},
author = {Kaeppler, S. R.},
keywords = {Auroral, Currents, Instrumentation, Magnetosphere},
pages = {xiv, 162 pages},
publisher = {University of Iowa},
school = {University of Iowa},
year = {2013},
}

@article{fridman1980,
author = {Fridman, M. and Lemaire, J.},
title = {Relationship between auroral electrons fluxes and field aligned electric potential difference},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {85},
number = {A2},
pages = {664--670},
doi = {10.1029/JA085iA02p00664},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/JA085iA02p00664},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/JA085iA02p00664},
year = {1980}
}

@article{wu2017,
author = {Wu, J. and Knudsen, D. J. and Gillies, D. M. and Donovan, E. F. and Burchill, J. K.},
title = {Swarm Observation of Field-Aligned Currents Associated With Multiple Auroral Arc Systems},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {122},
number = {10},
pages = {10145--10156},
keywords = {Field-aligned current, multiple auroral arcs, Swarm satellite, unipolar FAC, multiple FAC, THEMIS ASI},
doi = {10.1002/2017JA024439},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2017JA024439},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2017JA024439},
year = {2017}
}

@misc{vanirselData,
author = {van Irsel, J},
month = {7},
year = {2024},
title = {Supporting datasets and computational notebooks [Collection]. {R}epository: {``Publication Data from the Lab of K. A. Lynch''}},
howpublished = {\url{https://rcweb.dartmouth.edu/LynchK/pubdata/2024_vanirsel_jgr/data/}},
}

@article{burchill2022,
author = {Burchill, J K and Knudsen, D J},
title = {Swarm {T}hermal {I}on {I}mager measurement performance},
journal = {Earth, Planets and Space},
year = {2022},
doi = {10.1186/s40623-022-01736-w},
volume = {74},
number = {1},
pages = {181}
}

@inbook{Vanhamäki2020,
author = {Vanham{\"a}ki, Heikki and Juusola, Liisa},
editor = {Dunlop, Malcolm Wray and L{\"u}hr, Hermann},
title = {Introduction to {S}pherical {E}lementary {C}urrent {S}ystems},
bookTitle = {Ionospheric {M}ulti-{S}pacecraft {A}nalysis {T}ools: {A}pproaches for {D}eriving {I}onospheric {P}arameters},
year = {2020},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
address = {Cham},
pages = {5--33},
isbn = {978-3-030-26732-2},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-26732-2_2},
ignore_url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26732-2_2}
}

@article{dahlgren2011,
author = {Dahlgren, H. and Gustavsson, B. and Lanchester, B. S. and Ivchenko, N. and Br\"andstr\"om, U. and Whiter, D. K. and Sergienko, T. and Sandahl, I. and Marklund, G.},
title = {Energy and flux variations across thin auroral arcs},
journal = {Annales Geophysicae},
volume = {29},
year = {2011},
number = {10},
pages = {1699--1712},
ignore_url = {https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/29/1699/2011/},
doi = {10.5194/angeo-29-1699-2011}
}

@article{hecht2012,
author = {Hecht, J. H. and Mulligan, T. and Correira, J. T. and Clemmons, J. H. and Strickland, D. J. and Walterscheid, R. L. and Conde, M. G.},
title = {A multiyear (2001--2006) climatology of {O}/{N}2 in the lower thermosphere from {TIMED GUVI} and ground-based photometer observations},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {117},
number = {A3},
pages = {},
keywords = {thermosphere: composition and chemistry},
doi = {10.1029/2011JA017146},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2011JA017146},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2011JA017146},
year = {2012}
}

@article{hecht2006,
title = {The application of ground-based optical techniques for inferring electron energy deposition and composition change during auroral precipitation events},
journal = {Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics},
volume = {68},
number = {13},
pages = {1501--1519},
year = {2006},
issn = {1364--6826},
doi = {10.1016/j.jastp.2005.06.022},
ignore_url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364682606001167},
author = {J.H. Hecht and D.J. Strickland and M.G. Conde},
keywords = {Atmospheric composition, Aurora, Thermosphere, Geomagnetic storms},
}

@article{janhunen2001,
author = {Janhunen, P.},
title = {Reconstruction of electron precipitation characteristics from a set of multiwavelength digital all-sky auroral images},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {106},
number = {A9},
pages = {18505--18516},
doi = {10.1029/2000JA000263},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2000JA000263},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2000JA000263},
year = {2001}
}

@article{zettergren2015a,
author = {Zettergren, M. D. and Snively, J. B.},
title = {Ionospheric response to infrasonic-acoustic waves generated by natural hazard events},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {120},
number = {9},
pages = {8001--8024},
keywords = {natural hazards, GPS TEC, atmosphere-ionosphere coupling, neutral wind dynamo},
doi = {10.1002/2015JA021116},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2015JA021116},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2015JA021116},
year = {2015}
}

@article{dascdata1,
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title = {Assimilated observations of thermospheric winds, the aurora, and ionospheric currents over {A}laska},
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volume = {106},
number = {A6},
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doi = {10.1029/2000JA000135},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2000JA000135},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2000JA000135},
year = {2001}
}


@article{eiscat3d,
author = {Stamm, J. and Vierinen, J. and Urco, J. M. and Gustavsson, B. and Chau, J. L.},
title = {Radar imaging with {EISCAT 3D}},
journal = {Annales Geophysicae},
volume = {39},
year = {2021},
number = {1},
pages = {119--134},
ignore_url = {https://angeo.copernicus.org/articles/39/119/2021/},
doi = {10.5194/angeo-39-119-2021}
}

@article{kaeppler2023,
author = {S. Kaeppler and D. G. Markowski and A. M. Pepper and R. Troyer and A. N. Jaynes and R. H. Varney and D. Hampton},
title = {Data-driven empirical conductance relations during auroral precipitation using incoherent scatter radar and all sky imagers},
year =  {2023},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
ignore_month = {9},
keywords = {aurora, conductance, conductivity, precipitation, pfisr},
doi = {10.1029/2023JA031764}
}

@article{pfisrdata1,
title = {Initial results from {P}oker {F}lat {I}ncoherent {S}catter {R}adar ({PFISR})},
journal = {Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics},
volume = {71},
number = {6},
pages = {635},
year = {2009},
ignore_note = {Advances in high latitude upper atmospheric science with the Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar (PFISR)},
issn = {1364--6826},
doi = {10.1016/j.jastp.2009.01.009},
ignore_url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364682609000121},
author = {J.D. Kelly and C.J. Heinselman}
}

@article{pfisrdata2,
author = {Nicolls, Michael J. and Heinselman, Craig J.},
title = {Three-dimensional measurements of traveling ionospheric disturbances with the {P}oker {F}lat {I}ncoherent {S}catter {R}adar},
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year = {2007}
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@article{pfisrdata3,
author = {Heinselman, Craig J. and Nicolls, Michael J.},
title = {A {B}ayesian approach to electric field and {E}-region neutral wind estimation with the {P}oker {F}lat {A}dvanced {M}odular {I}ncoherent {S}catter {R}adar},
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number = {5},
keywords = {Electric fields, neutral winds, AMISR},
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year = {2008}
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@book{jackson2007,
title = {Classical Electrodynamics},
author = {Jackson, J.D.},
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year = {2007},
publisher = {Wiley India Pvt. Limited},
edition = {3rd}
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@book{griffiths2017,
title = {Introduction to Electrodynamics},
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ignore_url = {https://books.google.com/books?id = Kh4xDwAAQBAJ},
year = {2017},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press}
}

@book{issi2003,
author = {Paschmann, G\"otz and Haaland, Stein and Treumann, Rudolf},
title = {Auroral Plasma Physics},
year = {2003},
publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
address = {Dordrecht, Netherlands},
isbn = {978-94-007-1086-3},
doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-1086-3_3},
ignore_url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1086-3_3}
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@book{kelley2009,
publisher = {Academic Press},
series = {International Geophysics Series, v. 96.},
title = {The {E}arth's ionosphere: Plasma physics and electrodynamics},
year = {2009},
keywords = {Space plasmas},
language = {eng},
lccn = {2009006467},
author = {Kelley, Michael C.},
address = {Amsterdam, Netherlands},
edition = {2nd},
isbn = {9780120884254},
}

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title = {Polar spacecraft based comparisons of intense electric fields and Poynting flux near and within the plasma sheet-tail lobe boundary to {UVI} images: An energy source for the aurora},
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number = {A8},
pages = {18675--18692},
doi = {10.1029/1999JA900500},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/1999JA900500},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/1999JA900500},
year = {2000}
}

@article{lotko2004,
title = {Inductive magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling},
journal = {Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics},
volume = {66},
number = {15},
pages = {1443--1456},
year = {2004},
issn = {1364--6826},
doi = {10.1016/j.jastp.2004.03.027},
ignore_url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364682604001518},
author = {W. Lotko},
keywords = {Interaction between ionosphere and magnetosphere, Electric fields in the magnetosphere, Electric fields in the ionosphere},
}

@article{richmond2010,
author = {Richmond, A. D.},
title = {On the ionospheric application of {P}oynting's theorem},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {115},
number = {A10},
keywords = {ionospheric electrodynamics},
doi = {10.1029/2010JA015768},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2010JA015768},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2010JA015768},
year = {2010}
}

@article{zettergren2012,
author = {Zettergren, M. D. and Semeter, J. L.},
title = {Ionospheric plasma transport and loss in auroral downward current regions},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics},
volume = {117},
number = {A6},
keywords = {auroral ionosphere, downward current region, ionospheric modeling, plasma loss},
doi = {10.1029/2012JA017637},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2012JA017637},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2012JA017637},
year = {2012}
}

@article{zettergren2015b,
author = {Zettergren, M. D. and Semeter, J. L. and Dahlgren, H.},
title = {Dynamics of density cavities generated by frictional heating: Formation, distortion, and instability},
journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
volume = {42},
number = {23},
pages = {10120--10125},
keywords = {ionosphere, instabilities, density cavities, high latitude},
doi = {10.1002/2015GL066806},
ignore_url = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2015GL066806},
eprint = {https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2015GL066806},
year = {2015}
}

@article{wolf1975,
author = {Wolf, R. A.},
title = {Ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling},
journal = {Space Science Reviews},
year = {1975},
ignore_month = {Mar},
day = {01},
volume = {17},
number = {2},
pages = {537--562},
issn = {1571--9672},
doi = {10.1007/BF00718584},
ignore_url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00718584}
}

@article{brekke1989,
author = {Brekke, A.},
title = {Auroral ionospheric conductances during disturbed conditions},
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@Comment{jabref-meta: databaseType:bibtex;}